Definition of MicrocontrollerĪ microcontroller is an IC that integrates various components inside it and thus is designed to dedicatedly operate as a single-chip system. Thus we say that a microprocessor is a chip designed for general-purpose computational systems. Hence we say the processor executes the desired operation but the instruction code which is performed by it is stored in an external chip or memory element. The data or code is fetched through the bus when the appropriate control signals are generated by the CU so that the ALU can do the desired operation. Firstly, the data is fetched then it is decoded and then finally it is executed according to the decoded instruction. The programs which are required to be executed is stored by the manufacturer in the memory device.īasically, the execution of any instruction inside the processor includes three cycles. The set of instructions that are to be executed by a microprocessor is stored in a memory device present in an external location to the microprocessor. Similarly, if ALU is operating on 16-bit data then it is a 16-bit microprocessor.Ī microprocessor holds the ability to perform arithmetic and logical operations. Suppose the ALU of the microprocessor is operating on 8-bit data in one cycle then it will be an 8-bit microprocessor. Microprocessors are classified on the basis of data size in which ALU operates. The basic functional unit of a microprocessor includes ALU, registers and control unit. Used in systems that are manufactured for specific application.Ī microprocessor is an integrated chip designed to perform computation tasks. It has large number of data transfer instructions.Ĭomparitively less number of such instructions.įinds its use in general purpose computing systems. Content: Microprocessor Vs MicrocontrollerĪLU, register, CU, IO ports, RAM, ROM, ADC, DAC, timer and counters. While in case of a microcontroller-based system the PCB size is comparatively small. Another important difference between a microprocessor and a microcontroller is that the PCB size of a microprocessor-based system is large.
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